The Slave trade May 19, 1860: Message on the Capture of the Slaver Wildfire An address by   President James Buchanan         On the 26th day of April last Lieutenant Craven, of the United States steamer Mohawk , captured the slaver Wildfire on the coast of Cuba, with 507 African negroes on board. The prize was brought into Key West on the 31st April and the negroes were delivered into the custody of Fernando J. Moreno, marshal of the southern district of Florida.      The question which now demands immediate decision is, What disposition shall be made of these Africans? In the annual message to Congress of December 6, 1858, I expressed my opinion in regard to the construction of the act of the 3d March, 1819, "in addition to the acts prohibiting the slave trade," so far as the same is applicable to the present case. From this I make the following extract:      Under the second section of this act the President is "authorized to make such regulations and arra

  Veterans' View of William Walker November 21, 1909 Washington DC Evening Star Washington has among its varied and picturesque veteran military population, two former members of “Filibuster” Walker’s armies, which first struggled and battled for an ideal and then a man's ambition in Nicaragua 54 years ago. Both men have passed the three score and 10 mark but, despite their age are as full of vigor and fire of adventure as though the half century since, their exploits among the Latin Americans was but a close neighbor in time. The first man, Colonel C. W. Doubleday, is retired officer of the United States Army, with a long and enviable career in the service of the nation, both during the Civil War and later in the Western campaigns among the American Indians. Colonel Doubleday was Walter's. personal aide and one of his chief advisers during nearly all the hard campaigns that peculiar genius guided in Nicaragua. The second member of Walters force is Captain E.F. Ruff

  William Walker-Amazing President of Nicaragua Washington DC Evening Star  Sunday November 21, 1909 As queer a genius as America ever has produced was editor of the San Francisco Commercial in 1854, His name was William Walker, He was small and slender, beardless and light haired, a runt of a human among the tens of thousands of big framed, powerful adventurous spirits drawn to California from all parts of the world by the lure of gold, He was born in Nashville, Tennessee, was a graduate of the University of Nashville, and had practiced law and medicine before becoming a journalist. He was well versed in international law and had travelled widely. He spoke French, German, Italian and Spanish almost as fluently as he spoke English. He was only thirty years old, and considered himself a man of destiny. A year before, at the head of a party of 47 men, he had captured the Mexican town of La Paz and elected himself president of Lower California, and gravely parceled out the portfolios

  Filibuster--when it meant something different Filibustering did not always mean yak-yak-yak in a legislative body to delay passage of a particular law.                                          Col.  Crabb's route into Mexico in green      William Walker's Route into Mexico in red   In 1852, “filibustering” meant raising a mercenary army paid with the promise of booty and armed by Southern slave owners to take over Central American countries, reinstitute slavery, and then apply for US statehood. Napoleon’s invasion and subjugation of Spain in 1809 removed Old World authority over Spain’s colonies in the Americas, providing opportunity for rebellion and independence. Except for Puerto Rico, Florida, and Cuba, Spain’s New World colonies freed themselves under the leadership of Simon Bolivar. Most attempted to set themselves up nominally as republics, offering men universal suffrage and abolishing slavery. The new governments were weak, though, unstable, their boundaries an